交通巴士获得健康,负担得起的食物:一个新的地理信息系统 (GIS) 和社区知情分析
Ric Bayly1,2, Jennifer Pustz2, Thomas J Stopka2
1Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
SSM - population health
|February 3, 2025
概括
许多弱势群体无法通过公共交通获得健康食品. 这项研究发现,公共汽车在获得健康食品方面的差异很大,在大多数城市地区,只有45%的人能够获得健康食品.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生公平性健康公平性
- 运输科学 运输科学
背景情况:
- 良好的营养对于预防慢性疾病至关重要,但公平获得健康食品仍然是弱势群体面临的挑战.
- 低收入,非白人,老年人和残疾人经常面临健康食品获取障碍,包括依赖公共交通和缺乏车辆所有权.
研究的目的:
- 分析公共交通对弱势群体健康和负担得起的食物来源的可访问性.
- 开发和应用一种新的方法来评估以过境为基础的食品获取,克服先前研究的局限性.
主要方法:
- 利用地理信息系统 (GIS) 绘制健康食品零售商的交通巴士服务区域.
- 纳入社区投入和市场篮子定价,以确定食品的可负担性.
- 采用固定巴士等待时间,基于时间表的旅行时间与历史数据,以及社区领导人调查可接受的旅行时间.
主要成果:
- 只有45%的人口在最城市的市政当局有公共汽车获得折扣健康食品;在较少的城市地区,这种机会不存在.
- 公共汽车进入食品储藏室的机会有限,仅为15%-28%的人口提供服务.
- 分析显示,子群体在获取机会方面存在显著差异,包括贫困群体,老年人和残疾人.
结论:
- 结合空间分析,调查和社区投入的新方法学提高了分析公共汽车获得健康食品的准确性.
- 该方法可在其他地区复制,并可适应分析各种服务和目的地的访问,包括铁路运输.
- 调查结果突出了公共交通在确保服务不足社区的粮食安全方面的关键差距.
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