使用遥感和多光谱指数监测开放式矿场的土地变化
Ikram Loukili1, Ahmed Laamrani2, Mustapha El Ghorfi2,3
1Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geo-Informatics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Ben Msick, Casablanca, 20670, Morocco.
Heliyon
|February 3, 2025
概括
1984年至2021年期间,摩洛哥本格里尔的采矿业显著改变了土地利用和土地覆盖. 遥感数据显示,采矿,城市扩张和社会经济因素对农业,城市地区和水资源的影响.
科学领域:
- 地球和环境科学 地球和环境科学
- 遥感和地理空间分析
- 城市和区域规划 城市和区域规划
背景情况:
- 摩洛哥的Benguerir是一个主要的全球酸盐生产中心,矿业活动正在迅速增长.
- 了解大规模采矿对周围环境的时空影响对于可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查土地利用和土地覆盖 (LULC) 变化的时空动态,在摩洛哥的班格里尔.
- 分析矿对农田,城市扩张和水资源的环境和社会经济影响.
- 为未来的土地和空间管理战略提供数据驱动的见解.
主要方法:
- 利用遥感技术和辅助数据分析1984年至2021年的卫星图像.
- 使用监督分类 (最大概率方法) 生成了五个LULC地图,并通过卡帕指数评估分类准确性.
- 计算和分析了多谱指数:规范差异植被指数 (NDVI),规范差异水指数 (NDWI) 和规范差异构建指数 (NDBI).
主要成果:
- 观察到LULC的显著时空变化,直接与采矿扩张和相关的城市扩张有关.
- 在研究期间,生态指数显示了植被健康状况,水资源供应和建筑区的变化.
- 该研究确定了LULC转移,水压力和采矿地区的社会经济转型之间的相关性.
结论:
- 矿开采活动在Benguerir已经明显改变了景观和生态条件.
- 遥感分析为了解采矿,城市化和环境资源之间的复杂相互作用提供了关键数据.
- 调查结果为决策者和规划者提供了有价值的指导,用于管理土地资源和减轻采矿影响.
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