对2型糖尿病中肠道微生物群的系统审查
Serena Chong1,2, Mike Lin3,4, Deborah Chong5
1South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Frontiers in endocrinology
|February 3, 2025
概括
2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 与肠道失调有关,肠道微生物多样性发生变化,患者和健康个体之间存在特定细菌属的差异. 需要进一步的研究来证实这些关联.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 代谢性疾病研究研究.
- 人类健康和疾病.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群显著影响宿主的新陈代谢,免疫力和胃肠道健康.
- 肠道失调,微生物群落的不平衡,越来越多地与2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的病原发生有关.
- 了解这些微生物转变对于开发T2DM新型治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和识别T2DM和健康对照人群之间的肠道微生物群组成和多样性的差异.
- 综合T2DM中关于肠道微生物组的观察性研究的发现.
- 突出与T2DM相关的关键微生物种群.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统的文献搜索,以确定相关的观察性研究.
- 研究的质量得到了评估,并提取了关于肠道微生物群组成和多样性的数据.
- 结果进行了叙事综合,并评估了偏差风险.
主要成果:
- 58项研究 (2010-2024) 显示T2DM患者和对照人群之间的β多样性有显著差异.
- 与T2DM的积极关联包括诸如Lactobacillus,Escherichia-Shigella,Enterococcus,Subdoligranulum和Fusobacteria等属. 这种类型的细菌是最常见的.
- 与T2DM的负面关联包括Akkermansia,Bifidobacterium,Bacteroides,Roseburia,Faecalibacterium和Prevotella. 这三种类型的细菌都存在.
结论:
- 在T2DM和肠道失生症之间存在强烈的关联,其特点是改变了微生物的形状和多样性.
- 埃舍里希亚-希格拉菌一直与T2DM有关,而Faecalibacterium prausnitzii显示出潜在的保护作用.
- 研究的观察性质需要进一步研究与匹配的对照和功能分析来确定因果关系.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.1K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.1K
Carbohydrate Metabolism
10.7K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
10.7K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
852
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
852
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.4K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.4K
Anatomy of the Intestines
71.3K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
71.3K
What is Monogastric Digestion?
70.5K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
70.5K


