情况分析和一个未开发的机会来应对与结核病预防治疗覆盖相关的挑战:印度的一项多中心研究
Amber Kumar1, Akash Ranjan Singh2, Praveen Anand3
1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Indian journal of pediatrics
|February 3, 2025
概括
结核病预防治疗 (TPT) 的启动和完成率在儿童接触者中很低,这是由于卫生系统的失败,而不是副作用. 改善家庭访问对于在家庭儿童接触中有效覆盖TPT至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 肺结核 (TB) 患者的家庭儿童接触者 (HHCC) 具有高感染风险.
- 预防性结核病治疗 (TPT) 对于预防HHCC的结核病进展至关重要.
- 评估TPT覆盖率和HHCC之间的遵守对于有效的结核病控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度的HHCC中TPT的覆盖范围,坚持以及不启动和不完成TPT的原因.
- 识别与卫生系统相关的障碍,影响TPT向HHCC的输送.
- 评估TPT在这个脆弱人群中的安全性.
主要方法:
- 在印度的八个地点进行了一项横截面研究.
- 从2554个符合条件的HHCC通过记录审查和户外访问收集数据.
- 根据开始和完成治疗的高血压的比例来评估TPT覆盖率和坚持.
主要成果:
- 开始和完成TPT的比例很低,分别为34%和22%.
- 不启动的主要原因包括医疗保健工作者缺乏信息 (82%) 和感知不重要 (9%).
- 不完成主要是由于接受TPT不到六个月 (54%) 和感知不重要 (32%).
结论:
- 家庭访问不足和卫生系统问题严重限制了HHCC中TPT的启动和完成.
- 该研究强调需要改善医疗保健工作人员的参与和患者对TPT的重要性的教育.
- 报告的副作用很少见,这表明TPT对HHCC是安全的.
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