儿童慢性病中与年龄相关的大脑结构的变化
Ellen van der Plas1,2, Eric Nelson3,4, Brian Becknell5
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
JAMA network open
|February 3, 2025
概括
患有慢性病 (CKD) 的儿科患者表现出大脑发育的改变,特别是小脑体积的减少,与认知缺陷有关. 早期监测和干预对于管理患有CKD儿童的神经发育轨迹至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科脏病学 儿科脏病学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 患有慢性病 (CKD) 的儿科患者表现出小脑体积的减少,与神经认知缺陷和较低的估计球过率 (eGFR) 相联系.
- 在CKD患者中,这些与年龄相关的脑部变化在童年和早期成年期尚未被彻底检查.
研究的目的:
- 与对照组相比,评估儿科CKD患者与年龄相关的神经发育差异.
- 研究患有CKD的儿童的区域神经解剖学,功能结果和与疾病相关的变量之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及124名患有和没有CKD的个体 (6-21岁) 的病例控制研究.
- 使用神经认知测试和3-特斯拉磁共振成像 (MRI) 进行定量神经解剖扫描.
- 分析了大脑区域的体积,并使用多变量线性模型评估差异,包括年龄组相互作用.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,CKD患者在神经认知指标上的得分较低.
- 结核病组在小脑灰质和白质量中显示出与年龄相关的差异性变化.
- 脑小灰质体积减少与慢性脏病患者的eGFR正相关,并与执行功能缺陷有关.
结论:
- 儿科CKD与与健康同龄人相比,与年龄相关的神经发育轨迹有着明显的关联.
- 在患有CKD的儿童中,小脑体积的减少与认知障碍和功能有关.
- 监测神经发育和实施早期干预措施对于减轻儿科慢性病的认知缺陷至关重要.
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