重新考虑过度婚姻:英格兰的婚姻,1837-2021年
Gregory Clark1,2,3,4, Neil Cummins3,4
1Department of Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark.
PloS one
|February 3, 2025
概括
与普遍认为的相反,这项对英格兰3300多万次婚姻的研究显示,女性并没有"结婚". 婚姻伙伴之间的社会地位在各代人之间始终保持平等,这挑战了对超夫妻制的传统观点.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 社会流动性研究 社会流动性研究
背景情况:
- 社会学理论认为,女性优先考虑伴侣的更高社会地位,从而导致女性超婚并增加了代际社会流动性.
- 这种信念表明,女性与社会经济地位比她们更高的伴侣结婚的模式.
研究的目的:
- 实证地测试了长期以来在英国普遍存在女性婚姻过度婚姻的假设.
- 分析在一个重要的历史时期内,婚姻伙伴及其家庭之间的社会地位匹配的趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用了一个大规模的数据集,包括从1837年到2021年在英格兰超过3300万次婚姻和6700万次出生.
- 将女性父亲的社会地位与丈夫的父亲进行比较,并分析了随着时间的推移与女性和男性姓氏相关的社会地位.
主要成果:
- 在整个1837-2021年期间,没有发现有意义的女性超婚婚姻的证据.
- 妇女的父系家庭的平均社会地位始终与丈夫的父系家庭相匹配.
- 社会地位与女性和男性姓氏,以及孩子的父母姓氏相关,显示了1912-2007年婚姻中的平等.
结论:
- 挑战了女性超婚的普遍观念及其与女性更大的代际社会流动性的假设联系.
- 表明,在婚姻中,社会地位的匹配对于英国的女性来说是非常稳定的,平等的,而不是超婚的.
- 婚姻伙伴之间的社会地位的持续相关性意味着社会地位以外的因素,如身体吸引力,不太可能是选择伴侣的主要驱动因素.
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