延迟匹配的选择偏差是试验间隔效应的结果吗?
Catarina Soares1, Mairiele Santos1, Carlos Pinto1
1University of Minho, Portugal.
Behavioural processes
|February 3, 2025
概括
即使没有试验间隔,延迟也会影响选择行为. 这项研究发现,在匹配样本任务中,子表现出受延迟持续时间和照明条件影响的选择偏差.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
背景情况:
- 行为实验中的试验间隔 (ITI) 可以影响选择行为,潜在地混结果.
- 以前的研究表明,ITI可以在延迟匹配到样本任务中诱导选择偏差.
- 延迟持续时间和可选择的环境条件的特殊作用,独立于ITI,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 在没有试验间隔的延迟匹配到样本任务中调查延迟持续时间对选择行为的影响.
- 检查延迟期间环境照明条件如何影响选择偏差.
- 确定选择偏差是否仅仅是由于延迟和环境因素而出现.
主要方法:
- 训练了16只子进行象征性匹配样本任务,样本持续时间不同 (3s vs 9s).
- 在样本呈现和比较刺激之间引入了一个延迟 (2.5s,5s,10s,20s),没有试验间的间隔.
- 测试了两个延迟条件:黑暗 (组灯关闭) 和房间灯的照明 (组灯打开).
主要成果:
- 在Light Off条件下,匹配精度随着短样和长样样延迟的增加而下降.
- 在Light On条件下,短样本的匹配精度仍然很高,但随着延迟的增加,长样本的匹配精度显著下降,这表明了"选择短"效应.
- 选择偏差甚至在没有试验间隔的情况下出现,受延迟长度和照明的影响.
结论:
- 延迟匹配到样本任务中的选择偏差可以独立于试验间隔发生.
- 在延迟期间环境照明条件显著调节选择行为.
- 延迟的持续时间和样本长度相互作用,产生特定的选择偏差,例如"选择-短"效应.
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