对BMV TLS氨基化动态的结构洞察
Wen Yang1, Ran Yi1,2, Jing Yao3,4
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, The RNA Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Nature communications
|February 3, 2025
概括
木马赛克病毒使用类似tRNA的结构来模仿宿主功能进行复制. 这项研究揭示了病毒结构和宿主酶之间的动态相互作用,这对病毒复制至关重要,并提供抗病毒标.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 体马赛克病毒 (BMV) 具有3'未翻译区域,具有类似tRNA的结构 (TLS),模仿宿主tRNA功能.
- 这种仿真对病毒复制至关重要,涉及宿主酶的氨基酸化.
研究的目的:
- 研究BMV TLS的结构动态及其在氨基化过程中与铁-tRNA合成酶 (TyrRS) 的相互作用.
- 阐明BMV利用宿主转化机器的基础分子机制.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定TLS-TyrRS复合体在多个功能状态中的结构.
- 酶测试和电泳运动转移测试 (EMSA) 用于验证功能相互作用.
主要成果:
- 多个冷EM结构在结合时在BMV TLS和TyrRS中显示出动态重排.
- 关键的结构性变化包括TLS螺旋旋转和TLS 3' CCA端精确插入TyrRS活动部位.
- 已经证明BMV TLS与宿主转化因子EF1α和EF2相互作用,这表明了更广泛的宿主机械参与策略.
结论:
- 该研究为BMV TLS-TyrRS相互作用提供了详细的结构洞察力,突出了为高效氨基化提供动态适应的动态适应.
- 这些发现加深了我们在分子层面上对病毒与宿主相互作用的理解.
- 鉴定的相互作用为开发新型抗病毒疗法提供了潜在的目标.
相关概念视频
Termination of Translation
24.8K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
24.8K
Improving Translational Accuracy
8.6K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
8.6K
tRNA Activation
18.9K
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
18.9K
Leaky Scanning
5.1K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.1K
Protein Complex Assembly
10.5K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
10.5K
Transfer RNA Synthesis
11.8K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
11.8K


