亚技术市场份额对电力系统转换中的关键材料限制有很大影响
Huijuan Dong1,2, Tianyu Zhang3, Yong Geng3,4,5
1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. donghj@sjtu.edu.cn.
Nature communications
|February 3, 2025
概括
对于中国净零电力转型的关键材料需求,到2060年可能会增加三倍. 调整太阳能和风能子技术市场份额是减轻和等材料潜在限制的关键.
科学领域:
- 能源系统分析 能源系统分析
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境政策 环境政策
背景情况:
- 在电力系统中实现净零排放需要从化石燃料转变.
- 这种转型可能受到清洁能源技术所需的关键材料的可用性限制.
- 了解和减轻这些物质限制对于成功的能源转型至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索减轻电力系统转换中的关键材料约束的途径.
- 分析调整发电子技术市场份额对关键材料需求的影响.
- 确定构成重大约束风险的特定材料和子技术.
主要方法:
- 在中国的碳中和情景下,对19种关键材料的分析.
- 电力生产子技术市场份额调整的建模.
- 累计材料需求和重要性值的计算 (电力部门对所有部门需求的比率).
主要成果:
- 到2060年,中国电力部门的转型可能会导致52.2兆的累积材料需求,是正常情况的2.7倍.
- 太阳能光伏和风力发电子技术显著影响关键材料需求.
- 对,,,,,,,和铜的潜在材料限制被确定,的需求可能增加56倍.
结论:
- 亚技术市场份额是评估电力系统未来材料限制的关键因素.
- 的重要价值预计将由于化和永久磁铁子技术而显著上升.
- 调查结果为研究能源转型中物质约束的有效缓解途径提供了洞察力.
更多相关视频
06:04Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
Published on: February 14, 2025
212
09:26In Situ Time-dependent Dielectric Breakdown in the Transmission Electron Microscope: A Possibility to Understand the Failure Mechanism in Microelectronic Devices
Published on: June 26, 2015
8.7K
相关概念视频
Transformers in Distribution System
98
Transformers in distribution systems can be broadly categorized into distribution substation transformers and other distribution transformers. They are crucial for stepping down high transmission voltages to levels suitable for distribution and end-user applications.
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
98
Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits
72
Determining the subtransient fault current in a power system involves representing transformers by their leakage reactances, transmission lines by their equivalent series reactances, and synchronous machines as constant voltage sources behind their subtransient reactances. In this analysis, certain elements are excluded, such as winding resistances, series resistances, shunt admittances, delta-Y phase shifts, armature resistance, saturation, saliency, non-rotating impedance loads, and small...
72
Power System Distribution
226
Power system distribution involves delivering electrical energy from power plants to consumers through a network of transmission and distribution systems. The process begins at power plants, where energy from coal, gas, nuclear, water, and wind is converted into electrical energy. These plants use three-phase generators, typically rated between 50 to 1300 MVA, with terminal voltages ranging from a few kV to 20 kV, depending on the size and age of the units.
The transmission system is designed...
The transmission system is designed...
226
Control of Power Flow
249
There are several methods to control power flow in power systems:
249
Primary Distribution
94
Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
94
Secondary Distribution
79
Secondary distribution systems provide electrical energy at the utilization voltage levels from distribution transformers to customer meters. Typical secondary voltages in the United States include 120/240 V for residential use, 208Y/120 V for residential and commercial use, and 480Y/277 V for industrial and high-rise commercial use.
In residential areas, 120/240 V single-phase, three-wire service is commonly used for lighting, outlets, and large appliances. Urban areas with high-density loads...
In residential areas, 120/240 V single-phase, three-wire service is commonly used for lighting, outlets, and large appliances. Urban areas with high-density loads...
79
