全球消除宫癌:量化现状,进展和差距
Liangru Zhou1, Yi Li2, Hongyun Wang1
1School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Of North Three-Ring East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100029, NO, China.
BMC medicine
|February 3, 2025
概括
全球宫癌 (CC) 消除努力在疫苗接种和查方面取得了重大进展,但仍存在严重的不平等,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs). 解决这些差异对于实现世卫组织的目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 发起了一项致力于消除宫癌 (CC) 的全球承诺,涉及194个国家.
- 通过实施初级 (人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种),二级 (CC查) 和三级 (CC治疗) 预防策略来评估消除CC的进展.
- 评估了全球宫癌消除战略的临时目标.
研究的目的:
- 量化评估全球实现宫癌消除目标的进展情况.
- 分析194个国家的HPV疫苗接种,CC查和CC治疗的实施情况.
- 根据国家收入和地理位置确定CC预防和治疗方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 数据来自国际癌症研究机构,世卫组织,联合国儿童基金会以及国家能力调查.
- 一项回顾性分析检查了来自194个国家和地区的数据,按收入分层 (高收入国家[HICs]与低收入和中等收入国家[LMICs]) 和地理位置.
- 在初级,二级和三级CC预防方面全球进展的定量评估.
主要成果:
- 到2020年,只有四个国家实现了15岁女孩90%的HPV疫苗接种覆盖率的目标.
- 截至2021年,115个国家将HPV疫苗接种纳入国家计划,133个国家实施了CC查计划.
- 虽然126个国家都有国家CC管理指南,但像阿片类药物消费这样的第三级预防指标表明治疗服务的利用不足,特别是在LMICs.
结论:
- 在全球范围内,在CC疫苗接种和查获取方面存在重大不平等,大多数LMICs的获取有限.
- 针对弱势群体和经济欠发达地区的目标是减少不平等并加速消除CC的必要条件.
- 三级预防在LMICs中似乎更加成熟,但间接指标表明癌症治疗服务的利用不足.
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