双语幼儿的词汇成长与现有知识和跨语言相似性相互作用
Serene Siow1,2, Irina Lepadatu1, Nicola A Gillen1
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Journal of child language
|February 4, 2025
概括
双语幼儿使用同源词 (具有共同起源的词) 来学习新词. 词汇大小会影响他们是否更喜欢翻译等价词或新概念.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 双语儿童同时学习多种语言的单词.
- 了解双语幼儿如何利用跨语言的相似性对于语言学习研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查双语幼儿是否利用语言之间的语义和语音重叠 (cognates) 来进行单词学习.
- 检查词汇量大小和对翻译等效的知识如何影响这个过程.
主要方法:
- 对儿童发育目录 (CDI) 的横截面和纵向数据的分析.
- 研究的双语幼儿年龄为1.0到3.0岁,用英语和另一种语言.
- 比较了同类和非同类的理解和生产.
主要成果:
- 熟妇比非熟妇更频繁地被理解和产生.
- 幼儿对翻译等效的知识影响了亲戚的效果,这表明对跨语言相似性的敏感性.
- 词汇量较小的小孩更多地依赖于具有挑战性的单词的翻译等价值.
结论:
- 双语幼儿积极使用亲属词来促进单词的学习.
- 词汇大小的发育变化与依赖翻译等价物与新概念的转变有关.
- 双语者早期的语言学习对语言重叠和翻译知识敏感.
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