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人类迁徙的足迹在野生面包酵母的种群结构中

Jacqueline J Peña¹, Eduardo F C Scopel^2,3, Audrey K Ward⁴

¹Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.

Molecular ecology

|February 4, 2025

概括

在树上发现的面包酵母,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,在遗传上与化的菌株截然不同. 它的全球传播可能与人类历史有关,包括农业和发酵.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
进化生物学进化生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

面包酵母 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 已有很长的历史被人类化用于发酵.
虽然与人类密切相关,但S. cerevisiae也居住在树木等自然环境中.
了解树木相关酵母的遗传分歧和分布对于进化研究至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了调查与树木相关的S. cerevisiae种群是否与化的血统有遗传上的区别.
估计森林生活酵母菌株分离的时间.
探索人类活动对S. cerevisiae的分布的影响.

主要方法:

对来自树和其他树木的300多个S. cerevisiae基因组进行基因组分析.
欧洲,日本和北美地区的人口遗传结构分析.
使用植物遗传学方法估计分离时间.

主要成果:

与树木相关的S. cerevisiae种群在各大洲都有显著的遗传结构.
森林系的估计分离时间与人类历史上重大事件如最后一个冰河时代和农业的传播相一致.
证据表明,与人类相关的环境和树木之间正在进行的迁移,一些事件可能与历史上的人类反应有关 (例如,法国大葡萄酒瘟疫).

结论:

与树木相关的S. cerevisiae种群在遗传上是不同的,并由自然和人类协助的迁移形成.
人类活动,包括农业和历史事件,影响了S. cerevisiae的全球分布和进化.
由于对人类和自然环境的潜在影响,在野生中进一步研究开始性和致病酵母的进化是有必要的.

关键词:

这种植物是Saccharomyces cerevisiae.生态基因组学生态基因组学基因添加剂是一种基因添加剂.植物地理学植物地理学葡萄酒酵母酵母是葡萄酒的酵母.酵母生态学酵母生态学

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