患有精神病的儿童和青少年的记忆缺陷:系统性审查和元分析
Pilar de-la-Higuera-Gonzalez1,2, Elisa Rodriguez-Toscano3,4, Patricia Diaz-Carracedo1
1Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
|February 4, 2025
概括
早期发病精神病 (EOP) 与年轻人显著的记忆障碍有关. 工作记忆缺陷在患有精神病的儿童中尤为明显.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 18岁之前的早期发病精神病 (EOP) 带来了严重的临床和功能挑战,包括潜在的神经认知障碍.
- 在成人精神病中认可记忆缺陷,但EOP的发现不一致,需要进一步调查.
- 了解EOP中的记忆障碍对于早期干预和治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析EOP和记忆障碍之间的关系.
- 调查存储存储类型和内容对EOP内存缺陷的缓解影响.
- 与健康对照人群相比,提供对EOP患者记忆表现的全面概述.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和元分析,遵循PRISMA-2020指南.
- 搜索了五个数据库以英语和西班牙语进行病例控制研究.
- 包括 32 篇文章,来自 2636 名参与者的数据,使用随机效应模型和元回归.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,一个显著的整体效应大小 (Hedges' g = -1.01) 表明EOP组的记忆性能较低.
- 在EOP中,记忆缺陷因诊断和记忆存储类型而有所缓解.
- 患有精神病和工作记忆任务的儿童表现出最大的记忆缺陷.
结论:
- EOP与显著的记忆障碍有关,特别是影响工作记忆.
- 这些发现强调了需要针对性干预来解决EOP的记忆缺陷的需要.
- 这一元分析阐明了先前研究中的不一致性,强调了特定记忆类型和诊断子组的影响.
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