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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
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量子算法和用于开放量子系统的应用.

Luis H Delgado-Granados1, Timothy J Krogmeier2, LeeAnn M Sager-Smith3

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准确的量子算法用于与环境相互作用的开放量子系统,对于推进量子计算和分子性质预测至关重要. 本综述汇编了这些系统的当前量子方法.

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科学领域:

  • 量子物理学 量子物理学 是一种量子物理学.
  • 计算化学的计算化学
  • 量子信息科学 量子信息科学

背景情况:

  • 开放的量子系统与其环境相互作用,影响诸如量子计算和分子性质预测等领域.
  • 由于潜在的量子优势,量子算法越来越多地用于开放的量子系统.
  • 为了取得进步,需要一个多样化的量子劳动力和跨学科的专业知识.

研究的目的:

  • 为开放量子系统提供当前量子方法的全面概述.
  • 总结这些系统的基本理论和最新的量子算法.
  • 突出化学,生物和材料科学中的应用.

主要方法:

  • 审查开放量子系统的基本理论.
  • 讨论为开放量子系统量身定制的近期量子算法.
  • 在现实的系统中分析应用程序.

主要成果:

  • 对开放量子系统的当前量子算法的汇编.
  • 证明这些方法对现实世界问题的适用性.
  • 确定未来研究和劳动力发展的领域.

结论:

  • 准确模拟开放量子系统对于科学进步至关重要.
  • 量子算法为研究复杂的开放量子系统提供了一个有前途的方法.
  • 这个领域在化学,生物学和材料科学中具有广泛的适用性.