符号本身并不能改善周期表上的元素的记忆
Brady R T Roberts1,2, Sophia H N Tran3, Myra A Fernandes3
1Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, 5848 S University Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. bradyrtroberts@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|February 5, 2025
概括
化学元素符号的记忆取决于先前的知识. 虽然专家们同样记住符号和单词,但非专家们更好地记住单词,这表明意义是符号记忆益处的关键.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 化学教育 化学教育
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,符号比单词更容易被记住.
- 这种记忆效益 (视觉形式与符号表示) 的原因尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查先前的知识是否影响化学元素符号与单词的记忆.
- 在专家和非专家中比较元素符号,元素单词和无意义字母的记忆.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (化学专家和非专家) 进行了对元素符号 (例如,H),元素单词 (例如,) 和无意义字母 (例如,J) 的记忆测试.
- 刺激具有共同的视觉特征,符号和单词具有共同的意义.
主要成果:
- 与符号和无意义字母相比,非专家对单词的记忆更好.
- 专家们证明了对单词和符号的同等记忆,这两者都优于无意义的字母.
- 预先了解符号的含义是必要的,以使记忆对无意义的信息有好处.
结论:
- 一个符号对单词的记忆优势需要理解它的意义.
- 与单词相比,一个具体的视觉符号不足以提高记忆力;独特性和意义是至关重要的.
- 化学知识影响了符号的处理和记忆方式.
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