甲状腺功能低下症:诊断,管理和新兴疗法
1Trillium Health Partners, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nature reviews. Endocrinology
|February 5, 2025
概括
副甲状腺激素 (PTH) 不足的状况,可以有效地用PTH替代疗法治疗,例如palopegteriparatide,改善水平并减少并发症.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 代谢性骨疾病 代谢性骨疾病
背景情况:
- 甲状腺功能低下症涉及甲状腺侧腺激素 (PTH) 的分泌或作用不足,导致低血症,高血症和高血症.
- 通常是一种术后并发症,它也可能源于自身免疫,遗传或透性原因,导致多系统性疾病和长期并发症,如子宫外化和功能障碍.
- 目前使用和活性维生素D的治疗方法存在局限性,包括血清的波动和高药剂负担.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前关于缺甲状腺症病理生理学,评估和管理的建议.
- 突出副甲状腺激素 (PTH) 替代疗法的好处,包括长效的类似物palopegteriparatide.
- 介绍新兴疗法,并参考2022年国际甲状腺下症指南.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的文献和指导方针的低副类甲状腺症.
- 病理生理学,临床表现和治疗选择的总结.
- 专注于副甲状腺激素 (PTH) 替代疗法和palopegteriparatide.
主要成果:
- PTH替代疗法有效地使血清水平正常化,并降低酸盐水平.
- 长期作用的PTH模拟物Pelopegteriparatide可以使尿路水平正常化,并减少药物负担.
- 与传统治疗相比,PTH替代疗法与改善生活质量有关.
结论:
- 现在,佩洛佩特里巴拉提德已被批准用于治疗缺甲状腺症,为传统治疗提供了有效的替代方案.
- PTH替代疗法解决了当前治疗方法的关键局限性,改善了患者的治疗结果和生活质量.
- 该综述概述了用于治疗缺甲状腺症的既定和新兴疗法.
相关概念视频
00:59The Parathyroid Glands
1.9K
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
1.9K
01:15Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
232
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
232
00:51Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin
1.6K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
1.6K
01:17Hormones and Bone Tissue
2.6K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
2.6K
01:26Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers
131
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
131
01:29Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
60
The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Assessment:
60