高社会经济地位 黑人青少年比白人上更差的学校
Shervin Assari1,2,3, Hossein Zare4,5
1Marginalized-Related Diminished Returns (MDRs) Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
概括
高家庭社会经济地位 (SES) 通常会提高学校质量,但由于结构性障碍,黑人家庭的回报减少. 这限制了黑人青少年获得更好的教育机会,与具有类似SES的白人同龄人相比.
科学领域:
- 教育社会学教育的社会学
- 教育公平教育公平教育公平
- 教育中的种族差异.
背景情况:
- 学校的特点,如贫困,教师经验,毕业率和大学入学率显著影响学生的成功.
- 家庭利用社会经济地位 (SES),包括父母的教育和收入,获得高质量的学校.
- 少数群体减少回报 (MDRs) 理论认为,结构性障碍可能会阻止黑人家庭充分利用高SES的学校入学优势.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭SES (家长教育,家庭收入) 和学校特征 (贫困,教师经验,毕业率,大学入学率) 之间的关联.
- 评估家庭SES与获得优质教育环境的关系的种族差异,特别是比较黑人和白人青少年.
主要方法:
- 利用了青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究的数据,这是美国青少年的全国样本.
- 采用多变量回归模型来分析家庭SES和学校特征之间的关联.
- 根据种族进行互动测试,以特别比较黑人和白人青少年的经历.
主要成果:
- 较高的家庭SES与积极的学校特征相关,包括较低的贫困,更有经验的教师,以及更高的毕业/大学入学率.
- 高家庭SES对学校特征的积极影响,与白人青少年相比,黑人青少年的积极影响显著较弱.
- 来自高收入家庭的黑人青少年比白人同龄人更有可能参加贫困程度较高,教师经验较低,毕业/大学入学率较低的学校.
结论:
- 调查结果显示,即使在具有相似社会经济资源的家庭中,在获得教育机会方面,种族不平等仍然存在.
- 对于黑人青少年来说,家庭SES的回报减少凸显了结构性障碍对进入优质学校的影响.
- 政策干预对于解决阻碍黑人家庭利用SES创造有利教育环境的系统不平等至关重要.
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