奥林匹克三项比赛运动员采用的自我报告的碳水化合物超级补偿和补充战略
M P Mendes1, A H Marinho2, F A Moura1
1Programa de Pós-graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil.
概括
大多数奥林匹克三项运动员使用逐渐缩小,但很少有人采用碳水化合物 (CHO) 超补偿策略. 此外,运动员在比赛期间摄入不足的CHO,这表明营养知识或坚持的差距.
科学领域:
- 运动营养 运动营养
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 三项竞技的表现.
背景情况:
- 优化耐力赛如三项竞技的运动表现依赖于战略营养实践.
- 碳水化合物 (CHO) 超补偿和补充是最大限度地提高糖原储量和在竞争期间加油的关键策略.
- 了解当前的运动员实践对于识别潜在的绩效差距至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查奥运三项运动员自我报告的逐渐减少,碳水化合物 (CHO) 超级补偿和补充策略的使用情况.
- 评估运动员在比赛期间对已确定的CHO摄入量建议的认识和遵守.
主要方法:
- 72名奥运三项运动员 (61名男性,11名女性) 接受了在线调查问卷.
- 收集的数据包括培训,表现,超补偿策略,CHO补充剂和人体效应物质使用.
- 进行了描述性分析,使用Shapiro-Wilk和t测试进行正常性和基于性别的比较.
主要成果:
- 几乎所有的三项运动员 (93.05%) 报告说他们进行了逐渐缩小.
- 大约一半 (48.61%) 使用CHO超补偿,更新的CHO超补偿是最常见的 (27.77%).
- 大多数参与者 (86.11%) 在比赛期间补充了CHO,但96.77%的消耗量低于推的60g/h.
结论:
- 很少有三项运动员有效地利用CHO超补偿策略.
- 竞赛期间CHO摄入量不足表明缺乏意识或不遵守营养指南.
- 奥运三项运动员可能需要针对运动营养策略的有针对性的教育.
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