暂时的食纤维枯竭促使小鼠的肠道微生物群迅速而持久地重组
Colombe Rous1, Julie Cadiou1, Hiba Yazbek1
1University Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Microbiology spectrum
|February 5, 2025
概括
3周的低纤维饮食显著改变了小鼠的肠道微生物群,减少了多样性,甚至在恢复标准饮食后也引起了持久的变化,表明了潜在的替代稳定状态.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 饮食转变后的长期肠道微生物群和宿主共生变化尚未完全理解.
- 食纤维对于保持肠道健康和微生物平衡至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究饮食纤维暂时耗尽对小鼠肠道微生物群和宿主共生的影响.
- 评估纤维限制后恢复标准饮食的弹性和长期后果.
主要方法:
- 给小鼠提供减少纤维的饮食 (RFD) 3 周,然后在标准的饮食中恢复 6 周.
- 分析了微生物群的组成,多样性和相关的酶活性.
- 通过测量宿主便DNA来评估宿主肠道屏障功能.
主要成果:
- 缺乏纤维减少了微生物的多样性,增加了减少粘合物/硫酸盐的细菌.
- 酶活性转向宿主粘液中的甘氨酸降解,远离植物纤维.
- 在RFD期间观察到临时的肠道屏障损伤.
- 微生物群组成的持久变化在RFD后持续了6周,一些细菌群体枯竭,另一些细菌群体丰富.
结论:
- 暂时的纤维枯竭可以诱导肠道微生物群组成的持久变化.
- 肠道微生物群可能在饮食干扰后过渡到其他稳定的状态.
- 即使是短期的纤维限制也可能对肠道微生物生态和宿主相互作用产生长期影响.
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