血压控制状态与老年人认知障碍之间的相关性:一项全国横截面研究
Junxiu Yao1, Shengshu Wang2, Meiling Li1
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Western Theater, Chengdu, China.
PloS one
|February 5, 2025
概括
血压控制对老年人认知障碍产生影响. 虽然中等血压增加了风险,但控制良好的高血压与认知能力下降的风险降低有关.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 高血压是认知障碍的一个已知的危险因素.
- 高血压的老年人血压控制水平和认知功能之间的具体关系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同水平的血压控制和高血压的老年人认知障碍之间的关联.
- 为了确定与认知衰退或保存相关的特定血压范围.
主要方法:
- 2018年中国纵向健康长寿调查中5860名高血压患者的横截面分析.
- 根据血压读数分类为低血压,中等血压和高血压组.
- 后勤回归和受限立方线 (RCS) 模型被用来分析血压控制和认知障碍之间的关系 (在中国迷你精神状态检查中定义为<18).
主要成果:
- 与低血压组相比,中等血压组的认知障碍风险明显增加.
- 高血压组显示,认知障碍的风险显著降低.
- 在80岁以下的个体中没有观察到显著的相关性,有听力障碍或脑血管疾病.
- 在80岁以上,汉族或使用抗高血压药物的人群中,低血压与认知障碍相关,而高血压则无关.
- RCS分析显示,在80岁以上或服用抗高血压药物的人群中,静脉血压和认知障碍之间存在非线性关系,与静脉血压之间存在线性关系.
结论:
- 高血压患者的最佳血压控制与较低的认知障碍风险有关.
- 低血压,特别是在老年人中,可能会对认知功能构成风险.
- 血压和认知障碍之间的关系是复杂的,并且根据年龄和治疗状况而异.
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