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加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省东北部的非传统天然气开发暴露的不公平――环境正义分析

Miranda Doris¹, Coreen Daley², Amira Aker³

¹Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada.

Environmental science & technology

|February 5, 2025

概括

不列颠哥伦比亚省东北部的土著和弱势社区面临着石油和天然气生产造成的空气污染不成比例的增加,这表明环境不公正.

科学领域:

环境健康环境健康
环境正义环境正义
空气质量评估评估空气质量

背景情况:

在过去的二十年里,不列颠哥伦比亚省东北部的非传统天然气产量显著增长.
靠近石油和天然气运营与空气质量降低和对人类健康不利的结果有关.
原住民和农村社区居住在有大量石油和天然气活动的地区.

研究的目的:

调查与石油和天然气有关的暴露指标的不成比例分布.
评估原住民的较高度和社会经济脆弱性是否与暴露增加相关.
检查与社区人口统计和脆弱性相关的模拟空气污染,设施排放和活跃井.

主要方法:

计算的暴露指标 (建模度,报告的排放,活跃井) 在地理传播区域 (DAs) 从2018-2020.
利用农村贫困指数 (收入,教育,就业,获得便利) 来确定社会经济脆弱性.
针对不同原住民人口的不同百分比和社区脆弱性的不同程度的DA之间的暴露水平进行了比较.

主要成果:

>90%土著人口的DA经历了1.2-1.8倍高的中位空气污染度,而不是10%土著人口的DA.
高度脆弱的社区面临更高的模拟空气污染,并增加了暴露于设施排放的几率.
与较不脆弱的地区相比,最脆弱的地区的平均空气污染度高出11-96倍.

结论:

结果表明,与土著人口密度和社会经济脆弱性相关的空气污染暴露存在显著差异.
这些发现表明,加拿大主要天然气生产地区存在环境不公正.
该研究强调,需要制定政策,在资源丰富的地区解决公平的环境健康结果.

关键词:

土著健康土著健康空气污染空气污染环境正义就是环境正义.风险曝光评估风险曝光评估液压压裂是指水力压裂的方法.土地使用回归.非传统的石油和天然气.

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