在患有鼻炎的儿科患者中进行肺炎球菌再接种疫苗
William G Cohen1, Chau Phung2, Dominick Rich2
1Department of Otolaryngology- Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
|February 5, 2025
概括
肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗增剂剂量 (PPSV23) 显著减少了儿科鼻炎患者的医疗保健访问和抗生素处方. 这一发现包括免疫功能受损的儿童,突出的是疫苗.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 鼻炎是一种常见的儿科诊断.
- 低肺炎球菌抗体标位可能会增加对感染的易感性.
- 肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗 (PPSV23) 用于预防肺炎球菌疾病.
研究的目的:
- 评估PPSV23强剂量与在患有鼻炎的儿科患者的医疗保健利用之间的关联.
- 评估PPSV23对与鼻炎相关的医疗保健接触和抗生素处方的影响.
主要方法:
- 对患有鼻炎和PPSV23助推剂的儿科患者 (2-16岁) 病历的回顾性分析.
- 测量了与鼻炎相关的医疗接触和抗生素处方在接种前和接种后2年的时间.
- 使用混合效应负双项回归来比较疫苗接种前和后的利用率.
主要成果:
- 总共有233名儿科患者被纳入.
- 在PPSV23疫苗接种后,医疗保健接触减少了51.1%,抗生素处方减少了51.3% (p < 0.001).
- 在免疫功能低下的儿童中也观察到显著的减少.
结论:
- 接种PPSV23的补充疫苗与儿童鼻炎的医疗保健利用率和抗生素使用量显著下降有关.
- 这些发现支持使用PPSV23治疗儿科鼻炎,特别是那些怀疑肺炎球菌抗体度低的人.
- 这种干预措施有望减少儿童中与鼻炎相关的发病率的负担.
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