探索日本和英国医疗不专业主义的概念:一个Q-方法研究研究
Maham Stanyon1, Yayoi Shikama1, Jo Horsburgh2,3
1Center for Medical Education and Career Development, Fukushima Medical University.
Fukushima journal of medical science
|February 5, 2025
概括
文化差异在医学教育中对非专业行为的看法产生重大影响. 日本和英国的利益相关者优先考虑不同的方面,强调需要文化敏感的专业化框架.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
- 专业精神 研究 研究 专业精神
背景情况:
- 西方专业主义框架在全球占主导地位,但在不同的文化背景下存在道德和翻译挑战.
- 全球化需要了解非西方对医疗专业的看法,以解决文化细微差别.
- 迫切需要对非专业行为的文化认知定义.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较日本和英国医疗利益相关者对不专业行为的看法.
- 识别专业主义和非专业主义的特定文化构造.
- 为制定文化敏感的医学教育指南提供经验数据.
主要方法:
- 与58名日本和英国参与者 (学生,教育工作者,管理人员) 采用Q方法.
- 参与者根据感知到的严重程度对描述不专业行为的48个陈述进行了排名.
- 用因子分析和后续问卷编码来解释结果.
主要成果:
- 四个因素的解决方案揭示了不同的构造:临床责任 (国际),关系责任 (日本特有的),道德责任 (英国占主导地位) 和个人责任 (日本占主导地位).
- 日本参与者优先考虑了关系方面 (人际和团体和),而英国参与者则专注于个人动机和道德推理.
- 在这两种情况下,都发现了非专业行为的文化特定概念化.
结论:
- 在日本和英国的医疗背景之间存在对比的不专业行为的概念化.
- 在日本的背景下,关系和个人责任因素尤为重要.
- 在英国的背景下,道德责任更加突出,这表明需要将这些文化特定的观点纳入当地教学和国家指导方针.
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