参与老年人的设计,实施和评估的人工智能系统的老龄化:一个范围审查
Hannah Cho1,2, Oonjee Oh1,2, Nancy Greene1
1School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
概括
老年人经常被排除在人工智能 (AI) 医疗保健系统的设计和实施之外. 参与式设计对于老年学中公平有效的人工智能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 正在改变医疗保健,特别是老年人,通过实现自我学习和模式识别来实现社会隔离和日常活动监控.
- 快速的人工智能发展经常忽视老年人群的多样性需求,可能扩大数字沟并加剧不平等.
研究的目的:
- 在健康和医疗保健文献中检查老年人参与人工智能系统设计,实施和评估的程度.
- 强调老年人投入的必要性,以便在医疗保健中开发有益和公平的AI系统.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-ScR (系统性审查的首选报告项目和范围审查的元分析扩展) 的指导方针进行了范围审查.
- 审查了17项研究,分析了老年人参与人工智能系统开发的不同阶段的情况.
主要成果:
- 在17项研究中,8项研究涉及到设计阶段,3项研究涉及到评估阶段,只有2项研究涉及到实施阶段.
- 人工智能设计过程经常忽视老年人的特定需求,尽管人工智能在医疗保健中的作用越来越大.
- 参与式设计方法对于解决道德问题和促进公平至关重要,从而提高用户参与度和相关性.
结论:
- 包容性,参与性设计方法对于创建可访问,可使用和吸引老年人的人工智能系统至关重要.
- 整合老年人的观点可以确保人工智能医疗保健解决方案是道德的,包容的和公平的,特别是在老年学领域.
- 这些方法是必要的,以利用AI的潜力来改善老年人群的医疗保健服务,同时减轻数字排斥的风险.
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