与瞬间和长期幸福感相关的感知城市环境元素:经验采样方法的方法
Yu-Ru Chen1, Atsushi Nakagomi2, Masamichi Hanazato3
1Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cyo, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan. yuruchen9411@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|February 5, 2025
概括
环境因素对幸福感有很大的影响. 自然和放松的环境可以提高立即的情绪,而城市元素和公共空间有助于长期的生活满意度. 城市设计应该优先考虑身体和情感健康.
科学领域:
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 幸福 (WB) 涵盖了长期 (LWB) 和瞬间 (MWB) 的方面,超越了身体健康.
- 现有的研究将环境与LWB联系起来,但对MWB的联系不太了解.
- 世卫组织将幸福定义为广泛,强调需要探索环境对LWB和MWB的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查感知到的环境特征与瞬间和长期福祉之间的关联.
- 确定特定的环境因素,积极或负面地影响即时情绪和整体生活满意度.
- 为城市设计提供基于证据的建议,以支持居民的心理和情感健康.
主要方法:
- 利用经验采样方法 (ESM) 来从日本卡希瓦诺哈的成年参与者收集实时数据.
- 收集有关参与者的位置,感知到的环境特征,瞬间的幸福感 (情绪) 和长期的幸福感 (生活满意度) 的数据.
- 采用结构方程建模来分析环境因素与福祉的不同方面之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 放松/清洁 (0.56) 和自然环境 (0.14) 与更高的瞬间幸福感 (MWB) 有着强烈的联系.
- 咖啡馆/餐厅/酒吧 (0.11) 和公共空间 (0.11) 等城市元素与更高的长期幸福感 (LWB) 有关.
- 充满活力的环境 (-0.14) 和移动 (-0.11) 与较低的MWB相关,而文化/体育/教育设施 (0.06) 和充满活力的城市环境 (0.15) 与LWB相关.
结论:
- 瞬间的幸福感受到周围环境的影响,自然和放松的环境特别有益.
- 长期的幸福与城市设施 (如文化设施,咖啡馆和公共空间) 的使用有关.
- 城市规划应整合促进积极情绪和生活满意度的元素,如公园,咖啡馆和设计精良的交通基础设施,以提高居民的整体福祉.
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