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基因组重新编码的生物与一个停止

Michael W Grome^1,2, Michael T A Nguyen^1,2, Daniel W Moonan^2,3

¹Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

|February 5, 2025

概括

研究人员通过将翻译功能压缩成单个编码子来创建了基因组重新编码的生物Ochre. 这种工程细菌使用UAA作为其唯一的停止编码,为64个编码的非退化的遗传代码铺平了道路.

科学领域:

合成生物学
基因组学
分子生物学

背景情况:

虽然遗传密码在很大程度上得到了保存,但在代码分配和转化因子上表现出自然的变化.
基因组重新编码的生物 (GROs) 通过替换同义代码来设计替代基因代码.
之前的研究还没有充分探讨转化因子可塑性和密码体退化,以实现单密码体的转化功能.

研究的目的:

构建和描述一个名为Ochre的GRO,它将转化函数压缩成一个单一的子.
通过利用代码退化和转化因子工程来评估非退化的遗传代码的可行性.
用于生物技术和生物治疗的非天然氨基酸精确生产合成蛋白质.

主要方法:

在大肠杆菌C321中用同名的TAA代码替换了1,195个TGA停止代码.
工程释放因子2 (RF2) 和tRNA^Trp以防止本地UGA的识别.
使用工程转化因子来分离四个特定的,非退化的功能.

主要成果:

成功构建了Ochre,一个带有压缩转换系统的GRO.
采用UAA作为唯一的停止子,UGG用于基,并重新分配UAG/UGA子.
通过将两个不同的非标准氨基酸合并到单个蛋白质中,达到>99%的准确性.

结论:

代表了64个代码的重要进步.
这种工程生物体展示了退化停止子被压缩成单个子.
的开发有助于精确合成具有新化学成分的多功能蛋白质,用于广泛的生物技术应用.

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