北极土著人口中的种族主义和种族歧视:方法,数据,定义. 一个范围审查审查
Tobias Poggats1, Per Axelsson2,3,4
1Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Ethnicity & health
|February 6, 2025
概括
种族主义和种族歧视影响北极土著人民,但研究有限,定义各不相同. 未来的研究需要解决代表性不足问题,并将这些问题置于更好的理解和干预的背景中.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 土著研究土著研究.
背景情况:
- 种族主义和种族歧视是全球公认的健康问题.
- 要了解它们对北极土著人民的具体影响,需要进一步调查.
- 在北极地区关于这一主题的现有研究尚未全面.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分析用于研究北极土著人民之间的种族主义和种族歧视的方法,数据源和定义.
- 通过识别现有文献中的差距和趋势,为未来的研究奠定基础.
- 综合当前关于衡量和概念化北极环境中的种族主义和种族歧视的知识.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,PsycInfo,Web of Science,Scopus,Cochrane Review) 中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准集中在土著群体,种族主义/种族歧视和北极地区.
- 两位研究人员根据预先定义的资格标准独立选和审查文章.
主要成果:
- 该研究领域正在增长,但许多北极土著群体的代表性不足.
- 主要的方法包括自我报告的问卷和采访,重点是人际歧视.
- 关于种族主义和种族歧视的定义缺乏共识,大约一半的文章没有明确的定义.
- 在2016年之后,人们开始理解种族主义/种族歧视是系统性的不平等和压迫.
结论:
- 术语因地区而异 (北美种族主义,北欧国家种族歧视),但测量尺度显示相似之处.
- 研究一直强调考虑种族主义,种族歧视和压迫的当地背景的必要性.
- 解决代表性不足问题和实现定义的明确性对于推动研究种族主义和种族歧视对北极土著人民的健康影响至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.1K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.1K
02:16Surveys
14.7K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.7K
01:40Archival Research
16.0K
Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
16.0K
02:16Stereotype Content Model
14.0K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
14.0K
01:56Ethics in Research
22.9K
Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
22.9K
01:22Bias
3.9K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
3.9K