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最佳睡眠:保持健康体重的关键因素之一
1Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, LondonSE1 9NH, UK.
The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
|February 6, 2025
概括
睡眠不足与肥胖风险增加和饮食不良有关. 需要更多的研究,包括长期随机对照试验 (RCT),以确认睡眠干预是否有效帮助体重管理.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
背景情况:
- 全球肥胖率正在上升,突出了有效的生活方式干预措施的必要性.
- 睡眠是一个可改变的因素,越来越多的证据将其持续时间,质量和时间与体重控制和饮食行为联系起来.
- 睡眠和体重之间的关系是复杂的,双向的,睡眠不足会加剧体重增加和与肥胖有关的疾病,如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,进一步损害睡眠.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关睡眠与体重管理在整个生命过程中的关联的现有证据.
- 探索将睡眠障碍与肥胖和不良饮食行为联系在一起的机制.
- 发现研究中的差距,并呼吁进行未来的研究,特别是长期随机对照试验 (RCT).
主要方法:
- 对睡眠,饮食和体重管理的观察研究和现有文献进行系统审查.
- 分析了将睡眠与能量平衡联系在一起的拟议机制,包括体力活动,饮食行为,食欲调节和昼夜新陈代谢.
- 评估睡眠限制研究和短期干预试验的证据.
主要成果:
- 观察性研究始终将短暂或不规则的睡眠与肥胖风险增加,饮食质量差以及代谢障碍联系起来.
- 可能的机制包括减少体力活动,增加快乐/情感饮食,失调的食欲信号和昼夜不整.
- 短期睡眠干预措施显示了减少能量摄入量和改善饮食质量的潜力,但缺乏关于减肥的确证据.
- 调查体重管理的睡眠改善干预措施的长期RCT很少.
结论:
- 睡眠是预防和治疗肥胖的一个关键因素,但尚未得到充分研究.
- 虽然有证据表明睡眠不足和体重增加之间存在联系,但需要强大的RCT来确定以睡眠为中心的干预措施的因果关系和有效性.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑集成睡眠,饮食和体力活动干预措施的强大的RCT,以充分评估睡眠在体重管理策略中的作用.
- 目前,睡眠干预没有足够的证据证明是临床体重管理计划的强制性组成部分.
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