在储存期间,微生物群落在口味和香味中的表征
Yingjie Feng1, Tingting Zhang1, Jinchu Yang1
1Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, China.
Frontiers in microbiology
|February 6, 2025
概括
微生物污染在储存期间迅速破坏口味和香味,改变pH值并降解关键芳香化合物. 破坏涉及从真菌转移到细菌,影响产品质量.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 风味和香味对产品质量至关重要,但由于含水量和营养含量高,容易受到微生物污染.
- 了解储存期间的微生物动力学和化学变化对于保持产品完整性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究微生物生长,pH值变化,挥发性化合物降解和微生物社区在风味和香味储存期间的演变.
- 确定导致腐烂的关键微生物参与者和代谢途径.
主要方法:
- 监测总活力计数 (TVC) 和pH水平.
- 气色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 用于挥发性化合物分析.
- 全基因组射击枪 (WGS) 测序用于微生物社区概况和功能分析 (KEGG).
主要成果:
- 到第7天,TVC超过了可接受的限值;pH值最初上升,然后下降,表明腐败.
- GC-MS显示了关键芳香物的降解,如香和5-HMF.
- WGS揭示了微生物丰富性和多样性的增加,由真菌 (Ascomycota) 转向细菌 (Firmicutes,Proteobacteria),包括*Oceanobacillus sojae*和*Niallia nealsonii*的增加. *Zygosaccharomyces bailii* 的流行率有所下降,但仍然显著. 代谢途径发生了转移,与增加的活动和损坏相关.
结论:
- 在储存过程中,微生物的增殖和代谢活动显著降低了口味和香味.
- 细菌物种在腐烂过程中起着关键作用,与酵母一起.
- 调查结果为加强这些敏感产品的储存策略和质量控制措施提供了洞察力.
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