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智利学童的饮食质量:它与遵守饮食指南有什么联系?

Anna Christina Pinheiro Fernandes¹, Jacqueline Araneda Flores², Daiana Quintiliano Scarpelli Dourado¹

¹Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.

|February 6, 2025

概括

智利一半以上的学童超重,饮食不良,加工食品含量高. 矛盾的是,一些加工食品的消费可能会增加对健康饮食指南的遵守.

科学领域:

儿童营养学儿童营养学
公共卫生公共卫生
饮食评估饮食评估

背景情况:

智利面临着儿童超重的高患病率 (约. 50%),与贫穷的食品环境,有限的健康选择和丰富的高度加工食品 (HPF) 相关.
了解学童的饮食模式对于制定有效的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
这项研究调查了智利学童的食物消费,评估了他们是否遵守国家饮食指南和HPF摄入量.

研究的目的:

分析智利学童的食物消费模式.
评估消费高度加工食品 (HPF) 与遵守智利基于食品的饮食指南 (DGBF) 之间的关联.
确定可能影响推食物组摄入量的特定HPF亚组.

主要方法:

分析了智利圣地亚哥1,094名学童的样本.
通过经过验证的半量化食物频率问卷来评估饮食摄入量.
使用后勤回归模型来确定饮食变量和混因素之间的关联.

主要成果:

超过一半的学生 (54.1%) 呈现超重/肥胖症,20%的学生有腹部肥胖症.
只有20%的学生达到DGBF食物组 (水果,蔬菜,鱼,乳制品,豆类,水) 的建议摄入量.
矛盾的是,适度消费某些HPF,如糖果,饼和零食,与满足DGBF建议的可能性更高有关.

结论:

调查结果强调,迫切需要促进健康饮食,减少智利学童的HPF消费.
特定的HPF亚组需要有针对性的关注,因为它们可能会取代DGBF推的营养丰富食物的摄入量.
干预措施应侧重于改善整体的食品环境,并指导更健康的食物选择.

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