转录后调节支持成熟RNA的恒温表达
Zheng Su1, Mingyan Fang2,3, Andrei Smolnikov1
1School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Biological Sciences North Building (D26), Upper Kensington Campus, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
Briefings in bioinformatics
|February 6, 2025
概括
后转录调节 (PTR) 通过调节前体RNA的表达,维持稳定的成熟RNA水平. 这一过程放大了正常表达,但缓冲了疾病的变化,帮助基因表达平衡.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 系统生物学 系统生物学
背景情况:
- 基因表达在细胞功能和生物体生存方面受到严格监管.
- 翻译调节经常缓冲从RNA到蛋白质水平的差异性基因表达.
- 转录后调节 (PTR) 在调节RNA成熟过程中的表达变化的作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在RNA成熟过程中量化前体和成熟RNA的表达变化.
- 为了研究PTR对基因表达平衡在各种生物环境中的影响.
- 探索用于疾病关联研究的RNA测序中的内部读数的潜力.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自4689个人类,黑猩猩, rhesus macaque 和 murine 样本的大量组织RNA 测序数据.
- 在前体RNA和成熟RNA之间表达差异的量化.
- 在健康与患病组织中的表达模式的比较.
主要成果:
- PTR放大正常组织特定的前体RNA表达,支持成熟的RNA恒温.
- 在疾病背景下,PTR减少了前体RNA表达变化,缓冲成熟RNA水平.
- 内部读取的RNA测序数据可能包含有关疾病关联的重要,未充分利用的信息.
结论:
- 在成熟的RNA水平上,PTR在维持基因表达平衡中起着至关重要的作用.
- 在疾病状态期间,PTR作为缓冲对抗表达波动的缓冲.
- 研究结果表明,疾病生物标志物发现的新途径和针对基因表达调节的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
864
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
864
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.4K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.4K
01:36What is Gene Expression?
8.4K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
8.4K
01:53RNA Stability
33.2K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.2K
02:41Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
6.9K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
6.9K
02:51mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
5.5K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.5K