印度职业接触热浪的种姓不平等
Arpit Shah1, Sneha Thapliyal2, Anish Sugathan3
1Indian Institute of Management Bangalore, Bangalore, India.
Demography
|February 7, 2025
概括
气候变化加剧了印度的热浪,不成比例地影响了边缘化种姓群体. 与占主导地位的种姓相比,这些群体的热应激暴露相对于工作时间的增加更大.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化,印度面临极端热浪带来的重大风险.
- 国家的社会结构受到与职业群体相关的种姓等级制度的深刻影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查印度种姓和气候不平等之间的关系.
- 在最近的热浪期间,分析不同种姓群体中对热应激的职业暴露.
主要方法:
- 结合卫星衍生的热应激数据与大型劳动力调查 (n>100,000).
- 分析了种姓群体之间的热应激剂量-工作时间关系,控制了人口和地理因素.
- 使用通用热气候指数 (UTCI) 来确定26°C至35°C之间的热应力值.
主要成果:
- 边缘化种姓群体的热应激剂量-工作时间曲线比占主导地位的种姓高出25%至150%.
- 在控制混社会经济和人口统计变量后,这种差异仍然存在.
- 有证据表明,种姓认同与差异性热应激暴露之间存在明显的关联.
结论:
- 适应和缓解印度热浪的策略必须解决种姓的社会等级.
- 有效的规划需要承认沿着种姓线的'分工',而不仅仅是劳动分工.
- 该研究强调了将卫星数据与详细的人口信息整合为气候不平等研究的价值.
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