精神药品在废水流中的存在,清除和风险
Charlie J E Davey1, Anne Kiki Hartelust1, Rick Helmus1
1Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
污水处理厂 (WWTP) 不能完全去除许多常见的精神药物,对水生生物构成潜在风险. 需要进行风险评估和先进的治疗方法,以减少这些制药污染物在环境中的存在.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 精神药物对于治疗神经系统疾病至关重要,但即使在低度下,也会影响水生生物.
- 它们在水循环中的存在和环境风险尚未得到充分研究,数据有限,清除目标未得到解决.
- 污水处理厂 (WWTP) 可能无法有效地去除这些化合物,导致环境污染.
研究的目的:
- 调查常用精神药品在废水中的发生,清除效率和生态风险.
- 评估特定的WWTP在去除这些药物化合物的有效性.
- 讨论风险评估的应用,以告知立法和改善废水中的药物清除.
主要方法:
- 分析30种广泛使用的精神药物在废水流入和废水中使用固相提取和UHPLC-QTOF-HRMS.
- 检测到的化合物的量化和每个药物的去除效率的计算.
- 使用现有生态毒性数据进行初步生态风险评估.
主要成果:
- 在流水中检测到20种精神药物 (17 ng-99 μg/L) 和16种废水 (34 ng/L-17 μg/L).
- 清除效率差异很大 (24%至99%以上),特拉马多尔,利多卡因,拉莫特里金,流胺和卡巴马西平的清除效率低 (<50%).
- 尽管清除率很高,但塞特拉林和布洛芬仍然构成潜在的生态风险.
结论:
- 废水中含有大量的精神药物,其度与生态毒性相关.
- 目前的WWTP不充分去除许多精神药物,需要先进的治疗策略.
- 在立法中实施基于风险的去除目标对于减少制药排放和确保无毒水生环境至关重要.
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