相关实验视频
Updated: May 29, 2025

08:25
Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
Published on: November 14, 2019
12.1K
小圆形RNA作为癌症免疫治疗疫苗的疫苗
Yu Zhang1,2, Xiang Liu1, Tingting Shen2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nature biomedical engineering
|February 7, 2025
概括
小圆形RNA (circRNA) 疫苗为癌症免疫疗法提供强效和持久的T细胞反应. 这些稳定的circRNA疫苗,当与免疫检查点抑制相结合时,有效地减少了小鼠的瘤生长.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 使者RNA (mRNA) 疫苗显示出对病毒感染的显著预防疗效.
- 目前的疫苗技术在稳定性和持续的抗原表达方面面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估抗原编码小圆形RNAs (circRNAs) 在脂质纳米颗粒中的潜力,用于强大的瘤免疫疗法.
- 评估circRNA疫苗的免疫性和治疗疗效,特别是与免疫检查点抑制相结合.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠体内皮下注射编码各种抗原的小型circRNA疫苗.
- 评估T细胞反应 (CD8+和CD4+),疫苗稳定性和细胞毒性.
- 结合治疗与免疫检查点抑制剂,以评估免疫性较差的模型中的瘤抑制.
主要成果:
- 小型circRNA疫苗引发了强效和持久的T细胞反应,与较大的mRNA或circRNA格式相比,显著增加了抗原特异性T细胞 (高达10倍).
- 循环RNA疫苗表现出高稳定性和低细胞毒性,使抗原翻译能够持续超过一周.
- 结合 circRNA 疫苗接种和免疫检查点抑制有效降低了免疫抑制,并抑制了小鼠模型中的瘤生长,包括免疫抵抗性黑色素瘤.
结论:
- 小型circRNA疫苗代表了对持久的T细胞诱导和有效的癌症免疫治疗的有希望的平台.
- 将circRNA疫苗与免疫检查点抑制相结合,为克服瘤诱导的免疫抑制和治疗具有挑战性的瘤提供了有效的策略.
相关概念视频
Cancer Vaccines
329
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
329
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.5K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.5K
Experimental RNAi
6.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.0K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.5K
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
4.9K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
4.9K
RNA Interference
25.9K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
25.9K

