在美国人中处方药滥用的差异 有或没有残疾的成年人
Jeanette M Garcia1, Samantha M Ross-Cypcar2, Justin A Haegele3
1School of Sport Sciences, West Virginia University College of Applied Human Sciences, Morgantown, West Virginia.
American journal of preventive medicine
|February 8, 2025
概括
有残疾的成年人滥用处方药,包括兴奋剂,镇静剂和止痛药,比没有残疾的成年人,尤其是年轻人更高的比例. 这突显了公共卫生方面的巨大差异,需要有针对性的预防和治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 越来越多的证据表明,与没有障碍的成年人相比,残疾人中药物滥用率更高.
- 有限的数据存在于特定的处方药滥用模式 (兴奋剂,阿片类药物,镇静剂) 在这个人群.
- 了解这些差异对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在美国成年人的全国样本中,根据残疾状况和年龄组,比较处方药滥用率.
- 量化处方药滥用差异在残疾成年人中的规模.
- 确定特定的处方药类别,在这个人口群体中受到滥用影响最大.
主要方法:
- 采用2021年国家药物使用和健康调查数据 (n=47,100名成年人) 的横截面研究.
- 数据分为四个年龄段:18-29岁,30-49岁,50-64岁和65岁以上.
- 残疾状况和处方药滥用分析使用罗 - 斯科特千平方测试和逻辑回归来估计几率比率 (OR).
主要成果:
- 与没有残疾的同龄人相比,18-49岁的残疾成年人滥用兴奋剂,镇静剂和止痛药的几率是两倍.
- 50-64岁和≥65岁的残疾成年人滥用止痛药的几率翻了一番.
- 在老年人 (50+) 中,没有发现兴奋剂或镇静剂滥用的显著差异.
结论:
- 在所有年龄段的残疾成年人中,处方药滥用存在显著差异.
- 对残疾老年人来说,滥用止痛药是一个特别令人担忧的问题.
- 需要进一步的研究和有针对性的干预措施,以预防和治疗成年残疾人处方药滥用.
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