神经肌肉适应同样的肌肉组与不同的肌肉组同时有氧和力量训练在娱乐活跃的男性和女性
Joshua F Feuerbacher1,2, Mats W Jacobs1, Paulina Heumann1
1Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Therapy, University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|February 8, 2025
概括
结合有氧和力量运动的同时训练不会阻碍神经肌肉适应. 按肌肉群分开训练或准相同的肌肉可以获得类似的强度和肌肉生长的改善.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 神经肌肉适应的过程
背景情况:
- 同时训练,结合有氧和力量炼,可能会干扰神经肌肉适应,特别是当针对相同的肌肉群时.
- 了解如何构建并发训练以最大限度地提高效益对于运动员和健身爱好者来说至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查肌肉群的有氧 (高强度间歇训练 - - HIIT) 和力量训练的分离是否会减轻神经肌肉适应的潜在干扰.
- 为了比较身体下部HIIT和力量训练对同一肌肉群的影响,与身体下部HIIT与身体上部力量训练相比.
主要方法:
- 一项为期12周的干预涉及96名参与者,分为三组:下体HIIT和力量训练 (LHLS),下体HIIT和上体力量训练 (LHUS),下体和上体力量训练 (LSUS).
- 最大强度 (1RM) 和爆炸强度 (平均推进速度 - MPV) 通过负载-速度分析进行了评估.
- 使用全景超声波测量了M. vastus lateralis和M. pectoralis major的肌肉截面面积 (CSA).
主要成果:
- 无论是LHLS和LSUS组都在1RM中表现出改善,而LHUS和LSUS组在板压力1RM中表现出改善.
- 爆炸强度 (MPV在70%和90%1RM) 在和长椅压力练习中改善,在相关组之间没有显著的组间差异.
- 在LHLS中,M. vastus lateralis的肌肉CSA增加,但在LSUS中没有增加,而M. pectoralis major的CSA在LHUS和LSUS中增加,没有两组之间的差异.
结论:
- 同时进行有氧和力量训练不会影响爆炸性强度,最大强度或肌肉缩.
- 同时训练的干扰效应并不明显,无论有氧和力量训练是否针对相同或不同的肌肉群.
- 训练计划设计不需要严格分离肌肉群,以避免在结合有氧和力量模式时出现干扰.
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