在百万退伍军人计划中的饮食胆固醇和心肌梗塞
Xuan-Mai T Nguyen1,2, Yanping Li1,3, Mark S Nyaeme4
1Million Veteran Program Boston Coordinating Center VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA.
Journal of the American Heart Association
|February 8, 2025
概括
更高的饮食胆固醇摄入量与心肌梗塞 (MI) 的风险增加有关. 减少摄入肉类和蛋等富含胆固醇的食物可能会降低心脏病发作风险.
科学领域:
- 心血管疾病流行病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 是美国的主要死亡原因,心肌梗塞 (MI) 是关键并发症.
- 饮食中的胆固醇与CAD风险之间的联系受到争论.
- 这项研究调查了饮食中胆固醇对大规模退伍军人队列中心脏病发病率的影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查饮食中的胆固醇摄入量与心肌梗塞 (MI) 风险之间的关联.
- 为了澄清饮食中的胆固醇和心脏病发病率之间的剂量反应关系.
主要方法:
- 分析了180,156名退伍军人的数据,这些退伍军人在未来的百万退伍军人计划中.
- 使用线性和非线性统计模型评估饮食中的胆固醇摄入量和心脏病发作风险.
- 在高 (≥300毫克/日) 和低 (<300毫克/日) 胆固醇摄入组之间比较MI风险.
主要成果:
- 在饮食中的胆固醇摄入量和心脏病发作风险之间观察到线性剂量反应关系.
- 饮食中的胆固醇每增加100毫克/天,就与心脏病发作风险增加5%有关 (RR,1.05;95% CI,1.02-1.08).
- 摄入>300毫克/天的个人与摄入较少的人相比,心脏病发作风险增加了15% (RR,1.15;95% CI,1.06-1.25).
结论:
- 饮食中的胆固醇摄入量显示与心肌梗塞风险增加的线性关联.
- 研究结果支持饮食中的胆固醇在心血管健康中的作用.
- 通过限制肉类和蛋消费来降低饮食中的胆固醇,可能会降低发生心脏病发作的风险.
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