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在中国对PM_2.5和臭氧的人口暴露评估和价值损失分析

Bingbing Wang¹, Yaqin Ji¹, Xiawei Yang¹

¹College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin, 300350, China.

Journal of environmental management

|February 9, 2025

概括

微粒颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和臭氧造成的空气污染对中国的公共卫生造成了重大影响. 这项研究量化了过早死亡和经济损失,突出了污染控制需求的区域差异.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
公共卫生公共卫生
大气化学大气化学

背景情况:

人们越来越担心中国的PM2.5和臭氧污染.
这些污染物对空气质量和公共健康构成的重大风险.

研究的目的:

分析PM2.5和中国臭氧的空间和时间分布 (2022年).
评估公众暴露的风险和评估过早死亡率.
估计由于空气污染导致的死亡造成的经济损失.

主要方法:

数学统计学和战争值用于时空分析.
人口暴露风险模型用于暴露评估.
暴露-反应函数用于死亡率评估.
修改的人力资本方法用于经济损失估计.

主要成果:

PM2.5显示了一个"U"趋势,臭氧一个反转的"U"趋势每月. 春季同时出现高水平;冬季PM2.5占主导地位,夏季臭氧.
与西线相比,海河 - 中线以东的暴露风险更高.
估计有319900人过早死亡 (225,800人死于PM2.5,94,100人死于臭氧).
经济损失为214.31亿元人民币 (PM2.5) 和94.53亿元人民币 (臭氧),占GDP的7.53%.

结论:

PM2.5和臭氧对中国的公共卫生有重大影响.
污染影响的区域差异需要有针对性的控制措施.
用社会经济数据量化健康损失为政策制定提供了基础.

关键词:

中国中国中国中国.勘探风险评估勘探风险评估健康经济损失经济损失在PM{2.5) 和O{3) 中.污染的特点污染的特点过早的死亡过早的死亡

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