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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

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Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
232
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

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Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
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基于网络的,以算法为指导的胰岛素定位在胰岛素治疗的2型糖尿病中:干预前后研究

Nishanth Thiagarajan1, Hong Chang Tan1, Suresh Rama Chandran1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore, 65 88900691.

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概括

这项研究表明,基于网络的糖尿病管理平台与算法引导的胰岛素定位显著改善了2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制. 高坚持性和轻度低血糖期表明其可行性用于例行护理.

关键词:
应用程序应用程序应用程序糖尿病 糖尿病患者 糖尿病患者在这种情况下,胰岛素胰岛素胰岛素.干预干预干预干预干预干预移动移动移动移动移动监控 监控 监控 监控 监控 监控技术技术的技术技术的技术.

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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 数字健康数字健康
  • 代谢疾病 代谢疾病

背景情况:

  • 通过网络平台自我监测血糖 (SMBG) 对2型糖尿病 (T2D) 管理有希望.
  • 在使用这些平台的亚洲人群中,算法引导胰岛素定位的有效性尚未得到充分研究.

研究的目的:

  • 评估ALRT远程医疗解决方案的有效性和安全性,以改善胰岛素治疗T2D患者的血糖控制.
  • 该ALRT解决方案将SMBG与算法驱动的胰岛素剂量调整集成在一起.

主要方法:

  • 一项为期24周的前后干预研究,对25名患有T2D的成年人进行了每天两次预混合胰岛素的研究.
  • 参与者使用移动应用程序上传SMBG数据,接受由医生审查的算法生成的胰岛素定位建议.
  • 主要结局:血红蛋白A1c (HbA1c) 的变化;次要结局:空腹血葡萄糖,胰岛素剂量,低血糖和SMBG坚持.

主要成果:

  • 从8.6%降低到7.4%的HbA1c显著降低 (P<.001).
  • 禁食血葡萄糖显著下降 (P<.001).
  • 高SMBG坚持 (97.3%);轻度低血糖事件增加,但没有发生严重事件.

结论:

  • 基于网络的葡萄糖监测与算法指导的剂量显著改善了胰岛素治疗T2D的血糖控制.
  • 高坚持表明日常护理的可行性,主要是轻微的低血糖症.
  • 该干预措施对T2D管理具有前景,特别是在资源有限的环境中.