在二级城市中,以正义为中心的公共建筑的可访问性最佳实践:来自Delphi专家共识的见解
Sidhiprada Mohapatra1, G Arun Maiya2, Ullas U Nayak3
1Centre for Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
这项研究开发了以司法为中心的最佳实践 (JCBPs) 为印度的公共建筑物可访问性,重点关注移动性残疾人的需求. 关键的解决方案包括利益相关者的参与和为包容性环境提供低成本技术.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 尽管政策取得了进展,但印度的公共建筑仍然存在可访问性差距.
- 缺乏明确的实施指南阻碍了包容性,特别是在二级城市的旧结构改造方面.
研究的目的:
- 创建以正义为中心的最佳实践 (JCBPs) 对移动残疾人的可访问性条款.
- 应对在公共建筑,特别是旧建筑中实施可访问解决方案的挑战.
主要方法:
- 一个四轮的Delphi方法,涉及48名专家 (管理员,政策实施者,倡导者,医疗保健专业人员,残疾人,护理人员).
- 专家评价了117个项目,使用5分利克特级别的可行性,可负担性和优先级,有效性达成80%以上的协议.
- 机器学习决策树分析和统计测试 (Wilcoxon签名排名,McNemar's) 来确认专家评分的一致性和可靠性.
主要成果:
- 33个建筑和非建筑环境项目获得了最高的排名.
- 主要优先解决方案包括利益相关者参与,低成本技术,机构间协调,资金,良好治理,意识和宣传.
- 机器学习分析证实了高可靠性 (准确度=71.43%) 对项目 ≥80%的专家一致意见.
结论:
- 该研究为基于证据的JCBPs提供了可访问性的坚实基础.
- 实施这些JCBP可以显著提高公共建筑物中移动障碍人士的可访问性.
- 有效的解决方案涉及实际措施,政策协调和持续的宣传努力的结合.
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