在CrossFit®运动员无氧表现中的性别差异:比较三个不同的全力以赴测试
Tomás Ponce-García1, Jerónimo García-Romero1, Laura Carrasco-Fernández1
1Human Physiology, Physical Education and Sports, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
PeerJ
|February 10, 2025
概括
男女CrossFit运动员在绝对和相对无氧性能方面表现出基于性别的差异. 这些差异在很大程度上是由瘦身和肌肉质量的变化解释的,特别是在峰值功率指标中.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 体育表现受到生物性别的影响,在男性和女性之间观察到显著差异.
- 无氧性能对于高强度活动至关重要,它涉及快速的能量产生和回收.
- 越野健身 (CF) 是一种高强度运动,参与度越来越高,使得基于性别的无氧性能分析变得相关.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定CrossFit运动员无氧表现的基于性别的差异.
- 分析这些差异,无论是绝对的还是相对的 (对身体质量,肌肉质量和肌肉质量).
主要方法:
- 一项涉及50名CrossFit运动员 (25名男性,25名女性) 在2周内进行的横截面研究.
- 对所有参与者进行了身体成分分析.
- 用三种最大力度测试来测量无氧性能:循环人体测量仪,连续跳跃和坐测试.
主要成果:
- 在所有三个测试中,在绝对和相对峰值功率方面发现了显著的性别差异.
- 调整为瘦身和肌肉质量,显著差异仅在循环人体表测试中持续存在.
- 在大多数变量中,平均功率显示出显著的差异,除了坐测试中的肌肉调整平均功率外.
结论:
- 在CrossFit中,绝对和相对峰值功率的性别差异主要归因于瘦身和肌肉质量的差异.
- 虽然峰值功率差异在很大程度上是由质量解释的,但在大多数无氧试验中,平均功率差异仍然存在,肌肉调整的式功率是例外.
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