工程光动力学用于处理,原始化和成像
Girgis Obaid1, Jonathan P Celli2, Mans Broekgaarden3
1Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
Nature reviews bioengineering
|February 10, 2025
概括
光动力学疗法 (PDT) 和光动力学原始化 (PDP) 使用光激活药物治疗瘤. 通过为其他疗法准备瘤微环境,克服治疗的局限性,PDP提高了PDT的有效性.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 摄影化学的使用.
背景情况:
- 光动力疗法 (PDT) 使用光激活的光敏化剂来产生用于瘤治疗的活性氧物种.
- PDT的疗效受限于光线穿透到组织的深度.
- 光动力学原始化 (PDP) 是PDT固有的过程,它使瘤微环境对辅助疗法的敏感.
研究的目的:
- 审查PDT和PDP在癌症治疗中的机制和应用.
- 通过光敏剂工程和细胞模型,探索提高PDT和PDP疗效的策略.
- 讨论其他激活源和临床转化障碍.
主要方法:
- 审查关于PDT和PDP机制和应用的现有文献.
- 对光敏剂分子工程进行分析,以提高其性能.
- 检查工程细胞模型用于PDT/PDP优化.
- 讨论替代激活方法和临床翻译挑战.
主要成果:
- 通过通透瘤血管,克服生物障碍,调节药物耐药性,PDP增强PDT.
- 光敏剂工程可以提高特异性,药理动力学,并启用图像引导的PDT.
- 工程细胞模型有助于优化PDT和PDP策略.
- 替代激活源和改进的光敏剂显示出克服PDT局限性的承诺.
结论:
- 通过利用光化学和原始化效应,PDT和PDP为癌症治疗提供了多方面的方法.
- 优化光敏剂和使用工程模型对于推进PDT和PDP至关重要.
- 解决临床翻译障碍对于这些疗法的广泛采用至关重要.
相关概念视频
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is the ability of an object in motion to do work or enact change. It can take on many forms. For instance, water flowing down a waterfall has kinetic energy. In biological systems, particles of light travel and are absorbed by plants to create chemical energy. Animals consume the chemical energy and give off molecules that carry their scent through the air. They also generate kinetic energy when they run away from predators. Entire systems also possess kinetic energy, like the...
Force Classification
Forces play a crucial role in the study of physics and engineering. They are essential in describing the motion, behavior, and equilibrium of objects in the physical world. Forces can be classified based on their origin, type, and direction of action.
Contact and non-contact forces are two of the most widely used categories of forces. As the name suggests, contact forces require physical contact between two objects to act upon each other. Examples of contact forces include frictional,...
Contact and non-contact forces are two of the most widely used categories of forces. As the name suggests, contact forces require physical contact between two objects to act upon each other. Examples of contact forces include frictional,...
Work
Work is a fundamental concept of mechanical engineering and has many applications. Understanding how work is calculated and the different types of work can help us better understand physical processes and provide insights into complex problems.
Work is defined as the result of a force acting on an object, causing it to move along the line of action of force. It is also defined as the process of transferring energy through the application of force on an object, resulting in its displacement.
Work is defined as the result of a force acting on an object, causing it to move along the line of action of force. It is also defined as the process of transferring energy through the application of force on an object, resulting in its displacement.
Virtual Work
The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
Work and Energy for Variable Forces
When an object is acted upon by a variable force, the amount of work done and the change in energy of the object can be more complex to calculate compared to when a constant force is applied. Work is the product of force and displacement, while energy is the capacity of a system to do work. When a constant force is applied to an object, the work done can be calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force. However, when a variable force is applied, the...
Impact Loading
Impact loading occurs when a moving object collides with a stationary structure, such as a rod with a uniform cross-sectional area fixed at one end. Under these conditions, the rod absorbs the kinetic energy from the striking object, leading to deformation and subsequent stress development. As the rod returns to its original position and reaches maximum stress, the absorbed energy, initially manifested as kinetic energy, transforms entirely into strain energy.
In cases of elastic deformation,...
In cases of elastic deformation,...


