听力损失残疾的预测因素:使用ICF核心集的跨国研究
Faheema Mahomed-Asmail1,2, Marien Alet Graham3, De Wet Swanepoel1,2,4
1Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
International journal of audiology
|February 10, 2025
概括
听力损失 (HL) 经验是复杂的,受助听器 (HA) 使用,HL严重程度,教育,年龄和收入的影响. 功能,残疾和健康国际分类 (ICF) 框架有助于理解这些因素,以便进行更好的干预.
科学领域:
- 听力学和康复疗法
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 听力学评估捕捉生理听力损失 (HL),但不是个人的生活经历.
- 多维的功能,残疾和健康国际分类 (ICF) 框架为理解残疾提供了一个全面的模型.
研究的目的:
- 利用ICF框架探索人口统计和诊断变量如何预测患有HL的成年人自我报告的残疾.
- 确定影响听力损失个人的功能限制和生活经验的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及来自印度,南非,瑞典和美国的571名参与者的横截面研究.
- 基于ICF框架的结构化采访被用来收集关于自我报告残疾的数据.
- 分析了人口 (教育,年龄,收入) 和诊断 (助听器使用,HL程度) 变量.
主要成果:
- 确定了5个自我报告残疾的重要预测因素:助听器 (HA) 的使用,HL的程度,教育水平,年龄和收入.
- 这些预测因素与特定的ICF组件有关,包括身体功能,活动和参与以及环境因素.
- 74.6%的参与者有中度至重度的HL,并使用助听器.
结论:
- 一个人的听力损失经历受到超越听力严重程度的多个因素的影响.
- ICF框架有效地捕捉了听力损失中生物心理社会因素的复杂相互作用.
- 确定关键预测因素可以指导量身定制的干预措施,以提高HL患者的健康结果和生活质量.
相关概念视频
Factors Affecting Illness
4.2K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
4.2K
Intellectual Disability
35
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
35
Learning Disabilities
83
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
83
Factors Affecting Perception
1.5K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.5K
Expected Frequencies in Goodness-of-Fit Tests
2.5K
A goodness-of-fit test is conducted to determine whether the observed frequency values are statistically similar to the frequencies expected for the dataset. Suppose the expected frequencies for a dataset are equal such as when predicting the frequency of any number appearing when casting a die. In that case, the expected frequency is the ratio of the total number of observations (n) to the number of categories (k).
2.5K
Longitudinal Studies
123
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
123


