周产期艾滋病毒暴露和感染以及儿童的执行功能
Sarah Brewer1, Nicole Talge1, Claudia Holzman1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
AIDS care
|February 10, 2025
概括
长期暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的儿童表现出与未暴露的同龄人相似的执行功能 (EF). 患有艾滋病毒感染 (CPHIV) 的儿童表现出更好的行为调节,这表明他们可以在经产期艾滋病毒暴露的情况下壮成长.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 在联合抗逆转录病毒疗法时代暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的儿童的认知功能数据有限.
- 执行功能 (EF) 对儿童的适应性功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估具有不同周产期艾滋病毒暴露状态的儿童的执行功能 (EF).
- 为了比较围产期艾滋病毒感染儿童 (CPHIV),暴露于艾滋病毒但未感染儿童 (CPHEU) 和未暴露于艾滋病毒,未感染的对照 (CHUU) 之间的EF.
主要方法:
- 护理人员报告的执行功能的行为评级清单 (BRIEF) 用于评估EF.
- 分析了两个维度 (行为调节指数[BRI],元认知指数[MCI]) 和一个一般执行组合 (GEC).
- 一般化的线性模型比较了三个组的EF分数,使用CHUU作为参考.
主要成果:
- CPHIV和CPHEU组与GEC或MCI上的CHUU没有显著差异.
- 与CHUU相比,CPHIV组在BRI上表现明显更好 (β = -0.40).
- 调整后的分析证实了这些发现,表明在不同组之间没有实质性的EF差异,CPHIV可能在BRI中脱而出.
结论:
- 周产期艾滋病毒暴露,即使感染,似乎不会大大损害儿童的执行功能.
- 患有围产期艾滋病毒的儿童可能在行为调节方面表现出强项.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解这一群体认知发展的细微差别.
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