在工业规模的城市固体废物焚烧过程中重金属的物质流:来自奥地利的案例研究
Simon Mika1, Julia Mühl1, Stefan Skutan2
1Christian Doppler Laboratory for a Recycling-based Circular Economy, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/166, Vienna 1060 Austria.
Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
|February 10, 2025
概括
焚烧底灰 (IBA) 的增强处理可以回收金属,玻璃和矿物. 潮湿工艺从格子烧 IBA 中回收了更多的物质,而干燥工艺对流化床烧 IBA 更有效.
科学领域:
- 环境工程环境工程
- 废物管理 废物管理
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 标准的焚烧底灰 (IBA) 处理侧重于金属回收.
- 增强处理旨在实现更广泛的回收,包括玻璃和矿物质分量.
- 焚烧底灰含有宝贵的资源和潜在的危险重金属.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个增强的干湿IBA处理装置,用于 (G) 和流化床 (FB) 焚烧灰.
- 为了分析特定重金属 (Ag,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Sb,Zn) 的材料和物质流.
- 评估干燥和湿分离装置在IBA处理中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用了一台增强的干湿IBA处理厂,配有屏幕,粉碎机,磁/流分离器,湿机,猎缩水器和摇摆桌.
- 在IBA上进行材料和物质流量分析,从格子和流化床焚烧.
- 量化了针对重金属的干式和湿式工艺单元的分离效率.
主要成果:
- 湿加工单位从G-IBA中回收了52%的目标物质,而从FB-IBA中回收的28%.
- 干燥加工单位从FB-IBA中回收了57%的目标物质,而从G-IBA中回收的21%.
- 目标物质的很大一部分仍然存在矿物分量中 (27%的G-IBA) 或在玻璃/矿物分量之间分裂 (FB-IBA分别为7%).
结论:
- 增强的干湿处理厂显示基于焚烧类型 (G与FB) 的差异性有效性.
- 湿分离对于格子燃烧的IBA更有效,而干分离对于流化床燃烧的IBA更有效.
- 重力分离有效地节约了金属资源,并减少了矿物部分中的重金属含量,从而提高了其利用潜力.
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