945个汉族个体的长读测序确定了与表型多样性和疾病易感性相关的结构变异
Jiao Gong1, Huiru Sun1, Kaiyuan Wang2
1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Lab for Evolutionary Synthesis, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Nature communications
|February 10, 2025
概括
基因组结构变异 (SVs) 对人类多样性做出了重大贡献. 研究人员确定了新的SVs,具有骨密度和身高等两种影响特征,并可能预测损伤风险.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 人类进化人类进化
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
背景情况:
- 基因组结构变异 (SV) 是人类遗传多样性的关键驱动因素.
- 了解SVs的功能影响对于人类健康和进化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大型汉族群中识别和表征新的基因组结构变异 (SV).
- 调查特定的SVs在人类特征和疾病易感性中的功能作用.
- 探索已识别的SVs的进化史和适应意义.
主要方法:
- 945个汉族中国基因组的长读测序.
- 结构变体 (SV) 的识别和注释.
- 整合人口层面的表型,多omics数据和人性化的小鼠模型.
- 进化信号和自然选择的分析.
主要成果:
- 发现了111,288个SVs,其中24.56%以前没有报告过.
- 证明两种SV的因果作用:一种是GSDMD影响骨矿物密度,另一种是WWP2影响多种特征,包括身高,体重和免疫力.
- 鉴定GSDMD SV作为西斯普拉丁诱导的急性损伤的潜在生物标志物.
- 跨物种功能性保护的证据和两种SVs的积极自然选择.
结论:
- 新型SVs对人类的表型多样性和疾病风险做出了重大贡献.
- 特定的SV对复杂的特征和免疫功能有深远的影响,具有进化意义.
- 已识别的GSDMD SV为急性损伤的早期检测提供了潜在的潜力,突出了SV研究的临床相关性.
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