来自肠道微生物群的六化脂聚糖增强了癌症免疫治疗反应
Puspendu Sardar1,2, Benjamin S Beresford-Jones1,2, Wangmingyu Xia1,2
1Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Nature microbiology
|February 10, 2025
概括
某些产生特定脂多糖 (LPS) 的肠道细菌可以提高免疫治疗的有效性. 来自微生物组的六氧化LPS可以预测和增强抗PD-1癌症治疗反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群影响免疫疗法的有效性,免疫检查点抑制剂如抗PD-1显示出患者反应的变化.
- 以前的研究将脂聚糖 (LPS) 生产细菌与更糟糕的结果联系在一起,但LPS活性有显著的差异.
- 不同的LPS结构在调节免疫治疗中的具体作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物群编码的脂多糖 (LPS) 在调节黑色素瘤患者抗PD-1免疫疗法反应中的功能作用.
- 为了确定特定的LPS结构是否可以作为免疫疗法疗效的预测或增强剂.
主要方法:
- 来自112名黑色素瘤患者的便转基因组的功能分析.
- 利用植入瘤的小鼠模型来评估微生物群衍生的LPS对抗PD-1治疗的影响.
- 向小鼠口服六酸和五酸LPS,并评估了抗瘤免疫力和体外免疫激活.
主要成果:
- 编码免疫刺激性六化LPS的LPS产生细菌的一个子集在对抗PD-1治疗的响应者中得到了丰富.
- 在接受抗PD-1治疗的小鼠中,微生物群衍生的六化LPS对于有效的抗瘤免疫反应至关重要.
- 结合LPS的抗生素和TLR4抗剂降低了抗PD-1的疗效,而口服的六化LPS则增强了它的疗效.
- 五乙基化LPS没有提高疗效,并且抑制了六乙基化LPS诱导的免疫激活.
结论:
- 微生物组相关的六化LPS是有效的抗PD-1免疫疗法的关键因素.
- 六酸性LPS作为预测免疫疗法反应的潜在生物标志物.
- 向或补充六化LPS可能是提高抗癌免疫治疗结果的策略.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
464
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
464
01:30Cancer Vaccines
329
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
329
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
6.5K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.5K