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非洲猪瘟病毒的多样性宿主-病毒动态通过单细胞剖析揭示的多样性

Xiaoyang Zhao¹, Yanyan Zhang², Hanying Jia³

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Journal of virology

|February 11, 2025

概括

非洲猪瘟病毒 (ASFV) 感染动态在使用单细胞分析的猪膜巨细胞 (PAMs) 中进行了研究. 低毒性ASFV菌株的病毒载量较高,与宿主干扰素反应和特定的PAM群体有关.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
单细胞基因组学单细胞基因组学

背景情况:

非洲猪瘟病毒 (ASFV) 在猪中引起了毁灭性的流行病,但缺乏有效的疫苗和治疗方法.
在分子层面上了解宿主病毒相互作用对于开发控制策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了描述猪膜巨细胞 (PAMs) 对不同毒性的ASFV菌株的反应时的时间单细胞转录景观.
阐明宿主-病毒动态,并确定与ASFV感染有关的宿主因素.

主要方法:

单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 用于分析感染有毒,减弱和低毒性ASFV菌株的PAM.
随着时间的推移,分析了病毒和宿主细胞的转录变化.

主要成果:

与高毒性菌株相比,减弱和低毒性ASFV菌株的病毒载量较高,可能是由于RNA聚合酶基因的升级.
确定了涉及IRF7的积极反循环,增强干扰素信号,以应对不那么致命的菌株.
发现表达IFI16和CD163的独特PAM群体产生高水平的干扰素刺激基因 (ISG) 和IL18,调节宿主反应.

结论:

该研究提供了不同ASFV菌株的宿主病毒相互作用的详细时间单细胞视图.
已识别的宿主反应和细胞种群为开发针对ASFV的新型抗病毒策略提供了潜在的目标.

关键词:

非洲猪瘟病毒病毒主体-病毒相互作用.巨细胞是一个巨细胞.一个单细胞RNA测序.

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