编码基因有助于内基微RNAs的产生和多样化
Chengzhang Liu1,2, Xiaojun Zhang1,2, Jianbo Yuan1,2
1CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
Molecular biology and evolution
|February 11, 2025
概括
微RNAs (miRNAs) 经常在编码基因的内部进化,获得表达并与宿主合作. 基因重复加速了miRNA的进化,使得基因多样化和脊椎动物特有的特征的发展.
科学领域:
- 进化基因组学是进化的基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
背景情况:
- 非编码的microRNAs (miRNAs) 经常起源于编码基因的内核,利用宿主基因转录.
- 内基因位置对于miRNA表达,进化和与宿主基因的功能协同是至关重要的.
- 了解内基因miRNA进化为遗传和表型进化提供了洞察力,但仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查跨甲动物物种内源性微RNA的进化起源和多样化.
- 阐明宿主基因和基因组事件 (如全基因组重复) 在塑造miRNA进化中的作用.
- 探索内基因miRNAs,神经基因调节和脊椎动物特异性特征的出现之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 在34个甲动物物种中对microRNA家族的基因组分析.
- 比较基因组学来追踪内基因miRNAs的起源和演变.
- 对基因调节网络的分析以及全基因组重复事件的影响.
主要成果:
- 大多数miRNA家族 (630/1,154) 起源于编码基因的内子,并获得了转录能力.
- 脊椎动物出现时发生了内基因miRNAs的显著扩张,有21个家族从神经基因中出现,影响神经顶部发育和养策略.
- 全基因组重复加速了miRNA的独立性和多样化,在有的脊椎动物中保留了内基因地位,与没有的环基因组形成鲜明对比.
结论:
- 编码基因是新的微RNAs起源的关键促进者.
- 基因组事件,特别是全基因组重复,通过使宿主基因丢失和随后的miRNA适应,促进微RNA多样化.
- 内基微RNA在脊椎动物进化中发挥了关键作用,特别是在神经细胞和复杂特征的发展中.
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