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牛奶的紧急大规模处置:选择和考虑
A Mahdaviarab1, K Pahlavanyali1, R Cheng1
1Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Journal of environmental management
|February 11, 2025
概括
在奶牛场管理过剩的牛奶需要小心处理. 这项研究评估了湖排放,堆肥和土地应用,发现较小,多种应用将可持续乳制品运营的环境风险降至最低.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 由于供应链问题,天气或工厂关闭,奶牛农场面临过剩牛奶处置的挑战.
- 处理不当可能会导致环境损害,公众健康问题和监管不合规.
研究的目的:
- 评估农场内的三种牛奶处理方法:湖排放,堆肥和土地应用.
- 提供指导,以便有效管理乳制品农场的大规模牛奶处置事件.
- 确定减少环境损害和确保监管合规性的策略.
主要方法:
- 实验室实验评估了牛奶处理对湖水质的影响.
- 堆肥实验评估了牛奶对堆肥质量和管理需求的影响.
- 土地应用实验分析了对土壤健康,植物生长,营养平衡和气体排放的影响.
主要成果:
- 湖排放是可行的,但会增加总固体和化学氧气需求 (COD).
- 牛奶提高了堆肥质量,但需要仔细管理水分和气味.
- 土地应用改善了土壤和植物健康,但有可能导致营养不平衡和高温气体排放.
- 将牛奶分成较小的多种应用,在所有方法中始终减少了不良影响.
结论:
- 每种处置方法 (湖排放,堆肥,土地应用) 的适用性取决于农场规模,基础设施和牛奶量.
- 湖排水适合具有处理能力的大型农场;对较小量的堆肥是有效的;当适当管理时,土地应用有利于土壤健康.
- 这些发现有助于奶牛场选择适当的,可持续的牛奶处置策略,以减轻环境风险和遵守法规.
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